This is a quite technically-oriented article in which I will present an idea for possible superluminal communication, suitable for exercising the skills of critical thinking and objective analysis.
 
In order to circumvent the natural speed of light limitation, this approach exploits the so-called Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state of quantum entanglement. Unlike many previous attempts to use pairs of quantum-entangled particles for this purpose, this approach utilizes quantum entanglement of groups of three particles. There are two such states: the GHZ and W-state.
 
I have to emphasize that this idea is not based on getting results of measurements of entangled particles in various settings or trying to somehow force the particle on one side into the desired quantum state (which is, of course, impossible). Instead, this approach is oriented toward discerning different amounts of entanglement in the tripartite GHZ (or even W-state) groups.
 
If there is a system of three particles in the GHZ state of quantum entanglement, this essentially means that their quantum states are mutually correlated. However, the correlation between any of these two particles within the system is partial, while the entanglement of the system as a whole is full and stable.
 
This reasoning has an important premise: whenever one of the particles within a GHZ system is measured along an orthogonal direction, it becomes disentangled from the other two. On the other “side” of the system, those two other particles become fully entangled with each other, i.e., they are left in a maximally entangled Bell state. On the other hand, whenever one of the particles within a GHZ system is measured along the privileged Z direction, the entanglement of all three particles is completely destroyed. This means that not only the measured particle is disentangled, but also the other two become unentangled from each other and from the first particle. In other words, they are left in a “pure” or “mixed” state.[1]
 
In accordance with the basics elements mentioned above, this approach to FTL communication is presented below in the form of thought experiment.
 
So, we may imagine that one of these particles is on Earth with Alice, who has suitable equipment for measurement. The other two particles of that system are with Bob, who brought them with him to Mars, also with appropriate measuring equipment. Although physically separated, all three particles have preserved their GHZ state of entanglement.

[1] “Although a naive measurement of the third particle of the GHZ state results in an unentangled pair, a more clever measurement, along an orthogonal direction, can leave behind a maximally entangled Bell state. (…) The lesson to be drawn from this is that pairwise entanglement in the GHZ is more subtle than it naively appears: measurements along the privileged Z-direction destroy pairwise entanglement, but other measurements (along different axes) do not.”
Source: Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenberger%E2%80%93Horne%E2%80%93Zeilinger_state

​In previously agreed time intervals, depending on the message that she wants to send to Bob, Alice takes a measurement on her one-particle part of the GHZ system. She measures its quantum state either along the privileged Z direction or along an orthogonal direction.
 
On Mars, Bob regularly takes separate measurements on his two particles in the same time intervals (previously agreed with Alice).
 
If Alice takes the measurement along the orthogonal direction, her particle becomes unentangled from the other two on Mars, but Bob’s pair of two particles becomes mutually fully entangled. He measures both his particles separately, compares the results and learns that their quantum states are 100% in correlation. (Perhaps there should be several more such measurements on similar GHZ systems to determine whether the pairs are fully correlated or not.) Therefore, although no information is really being transferred from Earth to Mars, Bob instantly assumes that Alice has taken the measurement along the orthogonal direction because his particles are fully correlated, and this fact he translates into a simple message “YES” or, say, 1.

​If Alice takes the measurement along the Z direction, Bob becomes aware of that because when he measures his pair of particles in the GHZ state and gets information on their quantum properties, he sees that they are disentangled from each other. As he now knows that Alice took the measurement along the Z direction, he translates this state of disentanglement between his two particles as “NO” or 0.

Alice and Bob may have arrays of these three-particle GHZ systems, each with one particle on Earth, and two particles on Mars, and vice versa. They use these arrays for multiple exchanges of simple information, and, if needed, for determining with high certainty whether two other particles in each system are fully entangled or not. Moreover, there should be multiple measurements for each side to ensure that the jitter of the measurement tools cannot reverse the order of measurements.
 
Note that a similar approach could be applied to another type of tripartite entangled state—the so-called W-state. In it, three particles are also entangled as a system, particles are mutually entangled to some extent, but when one takes a measurement on one of its constituents, that does not destroy the entanglement of the other two particles—on the contrary, the entanglement persists and even becomes full.
 
In this case, also in regular, previously agreed time intervals, Alice either takes or skips her measurement. On Mars, Bob would always be taking measurements on his array of particles. If Alice had taken her measurement, he would have learned that his pairs of particles are fully entangled. He instantly knows that Alice had taken the measurement and therefore he assumes that the message is YES or 1. Conversely, if Bob’s results show that his pairs of particles are still partially entangled, it would mean that Alice skipped her measurement, thus he concludes that her message is NO or 0.
 
It seems that, effectively, complex messages can be instantaneously exchanged between Alice and Bob in either of these ways. They would not have to wait fifteen or twenty minutes to get the information from the other planet.
 
In a nutshell (for the usage of GHZ state of quantum entanglement):
1. There are three particles in the GHZ entangled state;
2. One of these particles is with Alice on Earth, the other two are with Bob on Mars;
3. Either:

• Alice takes a measurement on her particle in one direction, which automatically causes two particles on Mars to be maximally entangled;
• Bob takes separate measurements on his two particles and learns that they are mutually entangled, which he translates as “1”;

4. Or:

• Alice takes a measurement on her particle in another direction, which automatically causes two particles on Mars to be disentangled;
• Bob takes separate measurements on his two particles and learns that they are disentangled, which he translates as “0.”

 
In a nutshell (for the usage of W-state of quantum entanglement):
1. There are three particles in the W-state;
2. One of these particles is with Alice on Earth, the other two are with Bob on Mars;
3. Either:

• Alice takes a measurement on her particle, which automatically causes two particles on Mars to be maximally entangled;
• Bob takes separate measurements on his two particles and learns that they are maximally entangled, which he translates as “1”;

4. Or:

• Alice skips the measurement on her particle, which means that two particles on Mars are still partially entangled with each other;
• Bob takes separate measurements on his two particles and learns that they are partially entangled with each other, which he translates as “0.”

DISCLAIMER: The laws of physics strictly forbid superluminal communication. This is only a mental exercise with the purpose of developing the skills of critical thinking and objective analysis. I invite readers, especially those with solid knowledge in the field of quantum physics, to closely scrutinize this thought experiment and let me know of any flaws in this reasoning in the comments section.
 
Have a nice day! :-)

Every human being needs to sleep, we all know that. But it’s interesting that almost every animal needs sleep too. No matter the species or age, whether it’s a lion, dolphin, insect or octopus, they all need a certain amount of sleep each day. This tells us that sleep is deeply ingrained into the DNA of all living beings that possess any kind of nervous system.

Need for Sleep—Physical Aspect
​
Let us first examine the physical function of sleep at the cellular level. Recent research conducted in 2013 by an American team of neuroscientists, shows that our brains shrink down during sleep, thus leaving some space inside the skull to be filled with the cerebral fluid which then takes out the toxic waste of the brain’s work. Therefore, sleep is essential for our physical and mental health, longevity and proper functioning in this world.

​However, there may be a deeper, spiritual cause of sleep. And if there is, what that could be?

And the Holographic Principle teaches us, as inside—so outside, or as above—so below. In this case, we could suppose that the clue may be found at the lowest, physical level, because all levels are interconnected and symbolically mirror each other.

So, at the physical level, there is this process of cleaning up the brain from its toxic waste during sleep. Similarly, on the emotional and mental level, we clearly have a process of deep rejuvenation of our minds. Our toxic thoughts and emotions are being washed out and removed from our subconscious mind during sleep.

How does that happen? First of all, we need to understand the process of imprinting the painful experiences into our minds.

When we are in the state of conscious presence or Pure consciousness, unpleasant experiences are very rare, and if they do appear, by retaining or re-entering our state of Presence, the stressful event will inevitably fade away.

On the other hand, stressful experiences typically occur while we are in a semi-conscious state (i.e., state of being overwhelmed by thoughts or emotions, or being drunk, dizzy, or in other states of mind). Then these experiences stay at that level of consciousness or even get suppressed into lower states of mind, very close to unconsciousness. Normally, we can release them only when we get into exactly the state of mind where they are hidden.

Therefore, when we want to recall a suppressed event from the past, which is the source of a problem, we often need to purposefully dive into the unconscious or at least a sort of semi-conscious state. In this sense, hypnosis, autohypnosis, and similar techniques are very effective.

As we start falling asleep, we gradually delve into an unconscious state. In this way, while we are still in the semi-conscious state, many impressions, thoughts, and emotions related to everyday experiences are emerging. Usually, these are the mind contents that have some emotional charge. The subtle barrier between the conscious and subconscious mind weakens and it begins leaking various contents of the subconscious mind. The same may occur in the process of waking up, although usually much faster.

This process of releasing the painful and suppressed impressions happens in dreams as well, which are almost completely out of control of our conscious ego.

If the suppressed impression remains hidden in the layers of our subconscious mind, it must eventually be expressed somehow in our body or in the outside world. This may bring about similar or even worse troubles than those that had caused the suppressed experience. Or it may cause physical or mental illness. That’s why sleep is so important, as well as work on the reintegration of these experiences.

Deep Sleep

What happens with us when we are in a state of deep sleep? Our consciousness has been gone for a while. It reemerges several times during sleep when we are dreaming (REM phase), although that is a kind of semi-conscious state. But what happens in-between?

A similar unconscious state is found in a coma, but without the REM phase and within different biochemical body conditions.

In any case, the deep sleep state is needed typically for the vast majority of living creatures. In that period of the day, we are all absolutely dis-identified with our bodies. Our consciousness is indistinguishable from the wholeness of Existence. We are seeing the face of God. But, since that state is completely beyond mind, space, time, matter and energy, there are no memories of it when we wake up. However, in that period our mind is inactive and free of our conscious decisions and pressure for activity. It does exist as an energetic entity, and it’s free to heal and rejuvenate itself, to naturally discharge a lot of unnecessary mind contents, similarly to the above-mentioned process of taking out the toxic waste of the brain’s work.

Cycles and Recapitulation

Going daily through the cycle from deep sleep to waking state, all sentient beings relive all previous stages of their spiritual evolution, starting from the initial state of oneness with the primordial consciousness (deepest dream), through the state of low-level group consciousness (semi-conscious state before or after sleep), until transition into an individual self-aware consciousness.

This cycle of recapitulation of spiritual evolution takes place during the whole human life, in which one passes through the embryonic stage—primordial consciousness; early childhood— the semi-conscious condition of the mind; and adult individuals—the normal waking state.

Cycles are inevitable. Recapitulation also exists at the physical level, where the embryo undergoes the stage of development of its biological species—single-celled, then multicellular organism, the stage of fish, amphibians, etc.

We may assume that sleeping and dreaming are parts of recapitulation cycles that are vital to all living beings. All of us must repeatedly experience all the main stages of our previous evolution in order to continue with the next stages of development. 

Therefore, it seems that the lower states of consciousness that we are repeatedly experiencing in these cycles and oscillations (both on a daily and long-term basis), are the foundation of our conscious existence. Moreover, they are the springboard for further spiritual growth.
​
Tips to Improve Your Sleep Hygiene

​With only a few exceptions, anyone who really strives for spiritual growth and self-improvement, in general, must invest a lot of serious and persistent efforts into that work. Typically, mindfulness, meditation, and inner reintegration (or psychological work of various kinds) are required.

All of this should be supported by having a higher purpose of this work and fueled by strong determination and desire for spiritual liberation. Without this, your meditation and mindfulness practice could easily be stalled or even completely ruined.

Also, we know that the subconscious mind plays an immensely important role in our lives and spiritual growth. We must somehow explore its depths and harness its power. But how?

Forgetting

We could say that the subconscious mind is part of our being which consists of everything we have forgotten or have not been aware of.

​We can forget something intentionally, when we willingly put some experience behind us, forcing ourselves not to think of it. 

We may also forget unintentionally when we fall asleep, faint, dive into a dreamlike state, or discontinue our conscious experience in any other way, which sometimes leads to forgetting.

Nevertheless, all forgotten memories are still there, within you, although they are seemingly inaccessible to your conscious mind.

Subconscious Structures

According to the Reintegration System’s view, these subconscious structures that you need to integrate might be:

• General aspects of personality – subconscious identities or subpersonalities responsible for important areas of your life, like family, spirituality, health, finance, career, etc.;
• Self-defeating habits;
• Self-defeating or limiting beliefs;
• Self-defeating decisions that you made in the past, most probably during your childhood;
• Externally imposed or self-imposed rules (e.g. orders or prohibitions by parents);
• Traumatic memories that are subconsciously connected to the goal or state that you want to achieve;
• Fears, guilt, resentment and other unpleasant emotions;
• Various inclinations and desires;
• Personal traits or qualities.

Typically, these structures influence your everyday life from the subconscious level. They often lie deeply hidden in your subconscious mind and it might be incredibly difficult to recognize and reveal them.

Dealing with the Subconscious Mind

What to do with all these subconscious structures? There are two options:

• To consciously uncover the forgotten or suppressed experience, revive it, and reintegrate it with your conscious being;
• To change the subconscious structure in a way that suits you best.

The first option is the reintegration work. Of course, this implies not only the application of the Reintegration System’s methodology. It may also refer to any other psychological/spiritual work.

As we have already covered the first option in many of the previous articles, here we will focus more on the other one – changing the subconscious structures.

Reprogramming the Mind

Surely, one of the most important questions of personal development is how to access and influence the subconscious mind in a safe and effective way.

Some practitioners call this work reprogramming the mind. It is gentle and thorough transformation of some aspects of personality mentioned above. For example, beliefs, habits, traits, rules and even the general aspects can be transformed by this reprogramming work.

In the Reintegration System, there are some techniques for changing these subconscious structures. One of the very effective methods is, for example, the Replacing Beliefs technique. Essentially, this method will help you make a list of your negative core beliefs and to replace them with the opposite ones, consecutively.

Also, this work can be done through repetition. There are many different approaches to it, such as:

• Repetition of actions (habitual behavior)
• Repetition of thoughts (positive thinking)
• Verbal repetition (autosuggestions)
• Hypnosis (or self-hypnosis)

1) Repetition of actions (habitual behavior)

Through repetition of actions, we may form a new habit. We could simply repeat the wanted behavior, again and again, and sooner or later it will become rooted in your being. But for carrying out this, we must be really, really persistent and patient.

However, there is another, scientifically proven way of making desired habits or changing unwanted habits into beneficial ones. We have to add a trigger and reward to the wanted routine.

In his great book “The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do, and How to Change,” Charles Duhigg reveals the details about the scientific research that has led to a very important discovery: the so-called Habit loop (see figure below).

​You have probably heard of the so-called Fermi paradox. Namely, in 1950 Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi considered the intriguing question of why alien civilizations were not visiting Earth, or at least why we had no trace of their visits in the past, given the enormous time span since the birth of our galaxy to the present.

The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute in Mountain View, California, said on its website: "Fermi realized that any civilization with a modest amount of rocket technology and an immodest amount of imperial incentive could rapidly colonize the entire galaxy. Within ten million years, every star system could be brought under the wing of empire. Ten million years may sound long, but in fact, it's quite short compared with the age of the galaxy, which is roughly ten thousand million years. Colonization of the Milky Way should be a quick exercise."

Where Are They?

So, at least officially, there have been no signs of any extraterrestrial civilizations yet, neither here on earth, nor in the outer space. Why? Is there anybody out there at all?

Given the huge number of potentially habitable planets in our Milky Way galaxy (at least 300 billion), and vast time spans from the probable emergence of intelligent civilizations in the galaxy to this day, various types of extraterrestrials have surely been visiting our planet.

Here are several possible answers to this conundrum:

• Some of those alien species are indeed here, but those who are malevolent are hiding from us. It seems that they have a secret agenda, possibly to exploit us in many ways. Personally, I believe that there is “something” to all those UFO reports, some of which are really convincing. Also, it appears that some of the governments do have information on alien presence here and even secretly collaborate with them. Nevertheless, that’s a conspiracy theory and we must be very careful in considering any of such theories.
• There are alien beings that are, let’s say, “neutral” toward us. They have no desire or interest to communicate with us, but are still present here, unnoticed. They also might be hiding their presence as they are determined to fulfill their own agendas. For example, they might be doing scientific research on numerous aspects of human behavior and existence.
• Some extraterrestrials are benevolent but do not communicate with us for ethical reasons, as we are still a civilization in its infancy. To make the first contact, they believe that we must cross a threshold that is determined by a certain level of spiritual, scientific, or technological development.
• Some aliens are present in our vicinity but are trying to avoid any physical presence on Earth because of the risk of biological contamination with local microorganisms.
• Some just can't communicate with us because we are too different from them. The differences may be huge and almost insurmountable - the way and speed of communication and thinking process, completely different environments and many other factors may hinder any meaningful interaction between us and them.
• Many civilizations have never oriented their development toward technology (or external aids) but in the direction of inner spiritual development instead. This may be one of the most common reasons why they are not here. Although very advanced, such civilizations have never developed technology and interstellar travel, nor do they need it. They may be communicating telepathically while developing inner spiritual and mental powers that enable them to avoid or overcome external threats, and even to gather any needed information remotely (similar to rare parapsychological phenomena called “remote viewing,” “teleportation,” “bi-location,” etc.).

Possible Alien Forms

Let us examine the intriguing question about probable forms of extraterrestrial intelligent life.

First, the idea of panspermia can give us some clues to this problem. If interstellar panspermia is real, then it is quite possible that there are many species out there similar to our own, with a humanoid shape, even human-like characteristics. If the life-coding molecule, the DNA, is common among many solar systems thanks to panspermia, then the similarities are possible, but still not certain.

Yet, a kind of humanoid shape of intelligent (self-conscious) alien beings may be quite expected or at least frequent among many types of extraterrestrials. If similar evolutionary forces are in place on other planets, then the being should have a vertically oriented shape of its body with eyes and other sensory receptors on its top, because this provides the advantage of spotting any danger in time. In order to quickly process all the data from the sensory inputs, the brain or its analogous data-processing center must be near these organs. Therefore, the creatures will probably have some sort of head with a brain, eyes, ears, and other sensory receptors. The entity also needs a few limbs to manipulate precisely the environment and legs to be mobile.

​However, the size and physical appearance of extraterrestrials may still be completely different from ours, which depends on the gravity of the planet and many other factors. The lower the gravity, the taller the critters may be. For instance, if there were any intelligent life forms on Mars in ancient times, they could have been very tall and slim. 

​Holographic View on Reincarnation

The real process of reincarnation is far more complex than in the classical views of Hinduism or Buddhism.

For example, the terms “previous” or “future” life are far from being reliable for depicting the Truth. In a way, these “previous” or “future” lives are all simultaneous. Let me explain.

In accordance with the theory of relativity, time is interchangeable with space within the space-time continuum and, in a way, time is only the fourth (or first!) space dimension in that continuum. Our consciousness is moving steadily along that fourth axis of the space-time chart. This is actually giving us the impression that everything is changing. We are moving along that time axis and everything else around us seem to be moving as well. Nevertheless, the whole fourth-dimensional existence is fully stable in the 4D space-time continuum.

Therefore, our lives in the “past,” from the perspective “outside” of the space-time continuum, are actually simultaneous existences. It’s just a matter of point of view—from which coordinate of the space-time you are observing an event. You could even have some lives in the future that are your “previous” lives, meaning the roots of some events in this life stem from those lives. Or vice versa.

But that’s not all. Yes, there are many people being able to recall many various lives from their “past” or “future.” Yet, there were some accounts of different people remembering the same life! How’s that possible? The answer is fairly simple: we live in the holographic world.

Simply put, a holographic world’s view indicates that the Universe is a huge hologram, which is in line with some of the theoretical physics’ new approaches. In accordance with that, each phenomenon, thing, event or being within that hologram has all the information on the entire hologram.

​This implies that information on the whole Universe, including its past and future, is embedded within each of us. That’s also applicable to the reincarnation. When one remembers a life, say, from the past, that same life could be “remembered” by another person, as that life is a part of that person’s embedded information as well. It’s just a matter of individual traits and subconscious structures of a person who remembers, which lives they will remember more probably. Each individual is more inclined to one or more “streams” of lives within the “past” or “future,” and those streams are usually considered as their real past or future lives.

​Bizarre Entities of Time

But there could exist many forms of time itself.

Imagine that there are beings whose conscious focus is moving in the opposite direction along the fourth coordinate of this 4D continuum. To them, the reality would also be perfectly credible, otherwise, they wouldn’t be conscious at all. Although their reality would be completely different than ours, they would live their lives unaware of our “time” and perhaps of our existence, too.

Moreover, there could exist beings whose conscious focus is moving steadily (or unsteadily?) along one of the other three coordinates of our space-time continuum. Their existence would probably be completely unrecognizable to our minds. Yet, their lives would be absolutely plausible to them, as they would find their ways of connecting different things or events within their consciousness. Actually, that would be completely natural to them.

We can go even further on: the existence of entities whose “time” is two-dimensional or multidimensional is also possible. Their conscious focus would be moving not along one coordinate only, but two or more.

​Theoretically, there could be an infinite number of dimensions, which implies the possibility of infinite “types” of conscious minds.

However, string theory envisions the existence of 10 or 11 dimensions in total, of which our familiar 4 space-time dimensions are fully “developed” or infinite, and the rest are infinitesimally small.

​Are We Living in a ‘Block Universe’?

Yet, things are even more complicated than all of this. We are not only living in a “block universe” which is static from the 4D perspective; quantum physics tells us that in every single moment of our conscious existence we are “collapsing the quantum wave function” and choosing only one of the countless possible universes that lie ahead of us.

So, we are not some passive experiencers of reality, we are actively choosing our reality ahead and making it real. Still, all those possible lines of time are real in a sense, we could say, as “potential realities.” These potential realities are also part of the whole picture. Some other beings might be going along those potential timelines, but they are real to them, as our is potential to them.

Not only that, there are countless potential timelines behind us, as possible past events that could lead us to this here-and-now reality. And we are aware of one timeline only, to which our memory is tied (except in some cases of the so-called “false memories”). Therefore, the whole picture is far more complex than looking at “simple” 4D relativistic continuum.

Nevertheless, although we are still far from a final “theory of everything,” everything we have learned so far directs us toward a conclusion that the reality and consciousness within it are inseparable, both with potential to have endless manifestations. And consciousness plays a dynamic role in these manifestations – it actively chooses its path all the time.

​Nevertheless, we are all one, at the deepest level. And all lives that “happened” in the past or “will happen” in the future, are the lives of the only one being – the Pure Consciousness, Underlying Perfect Reality, God, or whatever we call it. We are one.